Saturday, 30 June 2018

Shores of Time

The next step, took his legs, a virulent flash,
The blinding pain, encompassed his gaze within
Spinning around, dancing in zeal, a gash
Flowing red, viscous from when it was thin;
The sight down, he saw, the glassy stone,
Jagged and rigid, unyielding and brazen
For the harm, saw it no reason to moan,
Weathered was it, to cut unaware men.
Strewn across, the undulating scene of stones,
Hindered around, he looked for harmless ways,
The prickly tops, surmounting the archaic cones,
More cuts, the hurt, thoughts for him to faze,
A gust of wind, a vortex violent, arose atop
The obstinate surface, now the seeming bullets clash
Tumultuously, the serene chaos, the dance lop,
Rain unto, now withered into dunes they mash.
In waning amazement, upon a healed foot, walks
He, dune after dune, raises and falls.
With a dune beneath, a figure with locks
Wild, untethered, frail stands he, distraught with galls.
The wraith of sand, the ethereal ancient beast
Wise and timeless, calls him upon,
To him, offers the wise, a luscious feast
Of time, into which, he was now born.
Asks he thus, “Ancient one, upon the lands
Gaze I, unbeknownst to me, for what I should see.
The sands I feel, warm though slip through my hands,
The truth of these shores, learn I through thee.”
The wraith, wordless, engulfed his thoughts,
View the far distances, through which he shall see
His time, the stream which blooms and which rots
Into expanses, time flows, ceased to be free.
“The stream meanders, untouched and pristine,
Not a grain, not the stones, not the shores pour
Into, pulling away, or muddling its sheen
None within, or around, calming its mighty roar.
Dawns in me, of the ceaseless flow, devout, infinite,
Pouring itself into the void, mysterious and dark.
Though grandiose, what story am I to knit
When my senses, is now but a lark?”
Stared into the abyss, the wraith, unbound
By words, dripping through it, without a thought,
His thoughts, the pressing words, a heaping mound,
Prodding the wraith, answers to it wrought.
A wave, tall, drowns the shores, the stream,
The man fluid, now flowing calm and serene,
Teases him visions, the astral story of time.
The waters from where begotten, him to ween,
Where from, where to, to him it to mime.
A past, unearthed, sees he his life.
To him, his past, a period forgotten since,
Memories of time, unfettered, a melodious fife,
Like the water, contained in, cannot rinse.
A present, unearthed, sees he his self.
To him, the present, a mirror upon which,
Reflects he, projecting a giant, a dwarf and an elf,
All he, his dreams, lustrous and rich.
A future, unearthed, sees he a dark void.
To him, the future, featureless and grey,
Sees he none, what he yearns, what to avoid,
The fife of his past, sees, at the end of his fray.
Blinks, focuses, stands the wraith, as before,
Puzzles he, “Know I not, of the truths foretold,
I saw, the visions, moments of my lore.
The latter lore, told me of my start,
My tunes, my days, my nights and my ways.
My living, of which some are sweet, bitter and tart,
Blinding once, my lore felt devoid of rays.
Ignorant, felt I, darkened and blotted by
The palette, where upon, laid the colours mine,
Thought I to vigour, not that they’d wry.
Making unseen, the tails that the heads dine.”
Asked he again, “The cycle of time profound
Realized I, and yet, I stand, devour
The tail, as the head. I acquiesce unbound,
And am still solid, should dissolve like the hour.”
Still unhinged, he sought his fate, looked on
Still, the wraith, into the meandering stream.
Gone, without a trace, like the dusk from one dawn,
Befuddling him, unable to let out even a faint scream.
A blurring sight, cleared into the known,
The rocks, stones, rigid through time, weathered.
Within the rocks, the sands had grown,
Unmoving and quiet, not even the wind heard.
“My hurt felt I, upon the bloody graze,
Never the warmth, once the sanded shores,
Each bend, each trough and each peak a maze
Flowing through time, with their infinite doors.”
The next step, took his legs, a virulent flash,
The blinding pain, encompassed his gaze within
Quietened and calm, healing in zeal, a gash
Flowing red, yet the pleasure and pain was akin.

  - Victor Van Volkner



Background of the poem
This poem, to me, represents how we, as humans, view the trials and tribulations of life. While we realise that time flows only in one direction, we don't often see it in that direction. Often clinging onto the past, the veritable dramas that unfold in our lives are all that we see, ignoring the happier moments that define who we are, in equal proportion to the more dramatic moments. This is about such a man, who is shown that his time includes both of these, and he needs to learn to take both with equal zeal and see the best of both. I'll hope that this intention of mine reaches someone reading the poem. 



Monday, 30 April 2018

The Olivenza Dispute


The red dot near Badajoz is the location of Olivenza

People outside of Iberia and rest of Western Europe probably misunderstand the smaller of these countries as also a part of the larger country. These two countries are extremely friendly and often, are seen exchanging twelve points to each other in Eurovision Song Contests. However, little does anyone know that they have a territorial dispute running for over two centuries. The two countries in question here are Spain and Portugal and the territory in question here is the Spanish town of Olivenza in the Spanish community of Extremadura.
Note: Throughout the article, I shall be using the Spanish name / spelling ‘Olivenza’ rather than the Portuguese ‘Olivença’ because as of today, it is Spanish territory. I don't lean towards the Spanish position, but I merely prefer using the de facto position.

History of Olivenza: A town which kept switching hands
I had the timeline handwritten to add a personal touch, please zoom the image for better viewing


While it was a Portuguese settlement in 12th Century, the town was quickly taken by the Spanish Moors in 1189 and came under Muslim rule. This was retaken in 1278 by the conquest by Castille and Leon (later on Spain) during their long Reconquista.
However, two decades later, Portugal regained the territory through the Treaty of Alcañices in exchange for peace with Castille. Post that, the Portuguese fortified the town and have signed several treaties with the Kingdom of Spain, including the Treaty of Lisbon in the 17th century reaffirming the border between the countries.
This continued till Spain invaded Portugal in 1801 with French support and occupied Olivenza. Post the Franco-Spanish treaty, Portugal was forced into the Treaty of Badajoz which handed over Olivenza back to Spain.
This position exists till date wherein, Spain claims sovereignty over Olivenza by virtue of the Treaty of Badajoz.

Portuguese counter-claim

Portugal, till date, has never officially recognized Spanish sovereignty over Olivenza.
Portugal unilaterally revoked the Treaty of Badajoz during the Napoleonic Wars as they accused Spain of violating the peace treaty, thus, declaring the same void.
Post the defeat of the Napoleon and Portugal being part of the winning British alliance, in the Congress of Vienna, Portugal successfully included a clause wherein:
‘winning countries are to endeavour with the mightiest conciliatory effort to return Olivenza to Portuguese authority.’
However, Spain interprets this clause as being optional and has never acted upon the same.

Olivenza of today

Olivenza is a town with barely 12,000 people living as of today. Spanish is the most dominant language in the town, considering:

·       Teaching in Portuguese was banned since the takeover in 1805.

·       Spanish was made the sole official language for all documents of the council.

·       Spanish was aggressively imposed during the regime of General Francisco Franco in all the regions of Spain ever where Castillian was not the dominant language and Olivenza was no exception.

·       Elapse of time; they have been a part of Spain for over 2 centuries that many of the current generation are not said to associate themselves with Portugal.

With Spain and Portugal both being part of the European Union and the Eurozone, there is practically no practical difference for the residents of Olivenza; even for those who wish to identify themselves as Portuguese as when they cross into Elvas (bordering Portuguese town), there is no hard border and they use the same currency. Only difference is that their taxes go to Madrid instead of Lisbon. Elvas and Olivenza are sister cities as of today and there is a bridge connecting the two paid for by the Portuguese government.
However, the two countries, are still quite sensitive about what the territory. When the former Prime Minister of Portugal, Pinheiro de Azevedo visited Olivenza in 1981, the Spanish responded by sending their Guardia (police force) to prevent any potential trouble caused by Portuguese nationalists in the town.
While rest of Spain is hardly aware of there being a dispute over Olivenza, the Portuguese in general are said to be becoming more conscious of the dispute. As recently as 2010, the Portuguese street names in Olivenza that were forcibly changed have now returned. A few residents of Olivenza who applied for Portuguese citizenship have now acquired the nationality. Going by the trends, it can’t be said as to what would be the situation in a few years from now.
The case of Olivenza is very similar to the case of Nice between France and Italy (which was ceded to France by Italy by means of treaty in exchange for French recognition of unified Italy); just that Italy does not dispute French sovereignty over the same. However, with Portugal never officially ending the dispute, one could never know what could be the situation in the future.
Conclusion
My personal opinion on such matters always is that there is no point in prolonging this dispute considering it is 2 centuries old, the Portuguese minority is not persecuted and is free to use their language and that Spain and Portugal are two very friendly neighbours. However, leaving my personal opinions aside, this is unlikely to be a burning issue till European Union exists and both the states remain members. Nonetheless, it is a very interesting case which I have always found it very interesting to read about.

Have a nice day,
Andy